Sopuruchi Onwuka, with agency reports

At least 4,195 people have been killed across 12 countries in the three weeks since the United States and Israel launched strikes on Iran on February 28, triggering a wave of retaliatory attacks across the Middle East.

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The bulk of the casualties have been recorded in Iran, where a U.S.-based rights group, HRANA, said 3,114 people have died. The figure includes more than 1,300 civilians and over 200 children, alongside soldiers and political figures, though official Iranian figures remain lower and inconsistent.

The conflict has also spread across the region, with fatalities reported in Lebanon, Iraq, Israel, the Gulf states, and beyond, as Iran expands its strikes on neighboring countries and strategic targets.

In Lebanon, dozens have been killed in Israeli strikes, including more than 100 children, according to the World Health Organization. Iraq has recorded at least 60 deaths, many among members of the Popular Mobilization Forces, as well as casualties linked to attacks on shipping infrastructure.

Israel has reported civilian and military casualties from Iranian missile strikes, including deaths near Jerusalem and in the occupied West Bank. The United States has also lost service members, both in combat operations and in an aircraft crash over Iraq.

Elsewhere in the Gulf, fatalities have been reported in the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Kuwait, reflecting the widening reach of the conflict. Syria has also recorded deaths following missile strikes on civilian areas.

The figures highlight the growing human cost of a conflict that has rapidly expanded beyond Iran’s borders, with no clear end in sight and rising fears of further escalation across the region.

As the war entered its 19th day, Iran launched multiple assaults at crucial Gulf oil refineries and closed a Saudi oil port on the Red Sea.

The Trump administration continues to claim the war is a resounding success.

Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth told a press conference at the Pentagon earlier that Iran’s air defenses had been completely ‘flattened’ by US-Israeli strikes.

Caine said the US military has also dropped 5,000-pound bombs on underground weapon-storage facilities.